Africa is home to 54 countries, each with its unique culture, history, and geography. Among these nations, some stand out due to their vast land areas, making them the largest African countries by size. In this article, we will take a look at the top 10 largest African countries, delving into their geographical features, populations, and what makes each of these nations unique.
Top 10 Biggest African Nations (by Size)
The countries in Africa are big, with lots of different places to visit and learn about. This guide is full of good info about their sizes and cultures, so get your passport ready, or just read along if that’s your style.
Algeria
- Area: 2.38 million square kilometers
Algeria is the largest African nation by land area and the tenth-largest country in the world. Located in North Africa, it boasts a diverse landscape that includes the Sahara Desert, the Atlas Mountains, and a Mediterranean coastline. Algeria is rich in natural resources, particularly oil and gas, which play a significant role in its economy. The country is also known for its historical sites, such as the ancient Roman ruins of Timgad and the Casbah of Algiers, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC)
- Area: 2.34 million square kilometers
The Democratic Republic of the Congo is the second-largest African country and the largest in Sub-Saharan Africa. Known for its vast rainforests, the Congo Basin, and the Congo River, the DRC is a biodiversity hotspot. Despite its natural wealth, the country faces challenges such as political instability and poverty. However, it remains a key player in Africa due to its mineral resources, including cobalt and copper, which are essential for global technology industries.
Sudan
- Area: 1.86 million square kilometers
Sudan, located in Northeast Africa, is the third-largest African country. It is characterized by its deserts, Nile River tributaries, and savannahs. Sudan has a rich history, with ancient kingdoms like Kush and Meroë. In 2011, South Sudan seceded, reducing Sudan’s land area but leaving it with significant cultural and historical heritage. The country is also known for its diverse ethnic groups and traditional music.
Libya
- Area: 1.76 million square kilometers
Libya, another North African nation, is the fourth-largest African country. It is predominantly covered by the Sahara Desert, with a small Mediterranean coastline. Libya’s economy is heavily reliant on oil exports, and its historical sites, such as the ancient city of Leptis Magna, attract tourists and historians alike. Despite recent political turmoil, Libya remains a country of great potential due to its strategic location and natural resources.
Chad
- Area: 1.28 million square kilometers
Chad, a landlocked country in Central Africa, is the fifth-largest African nation. It is home to a diverse range of landscapes, including the Sahara Desert in the north and the fertile Sudanian Savanna in the south. Lake Chad, once one of Africa’s largest lakes, is a vital resource for the region. Chad faces challenges such as poverty and political instability but is rich in cultural diversity, with over 200 ethnic groups.
Niger
- Area: 1.27 million square kilometers
Niger, also landlocked, is the sixth-largest African country. It is predominantly desert, with the Sahara covering much of its territory. Despite its arid climate, Niger is rich in natural resources, including uranium, which is a significant export. The country is also known for its cultural heritage, such as the historic city of Agadez and the annual Cure Salée festival, which celebrates nomadic traditions.
Angola
- Area: 1.25 million square kilometers
Angola, located in Southern Africa, is the seventh-largest African country. It is known for its diverse geography, which includes tropical Atlantic beaches, the Congo rainforest, and the Namib Desert. Angola’s economy is driven by oil and diamond exports. The country is also rich in cultural heritage, with traditional music styles like semba and kizomba gaining international recognition.
Mali
- Area: 1.24 million square kilometers
Mali, a landlocked country in West Africa, is the eighth-largest African nation. It is home to the Niger River, which sustains agriculture and fishing. Mali is renowned for its historical significance, particularly the ancient city of Timbuktu, which was a center of learning and trade during the Mali Empire. Despite challenges such as political instability and desertification, Mali’s cultural heritage continues to captivate the world.
South Africa
- Area: 1.22 million square kilometers
South Africa, located at the southern tip of the continent, is the ninth-largest African country. It is known for its diverse ecosystems, including the Kruger National Park, and its vibrant cities like Cape Town and Johannesburg. South Africa is a major economic powerhouse in Africa, with a well-developed infrastructure and a rich cultural scene. The country is also famous for its role in the fight against apartheid, with Nelson Mandela being a global symbol of freedom and equality.
Ethiopia
- Area: 1.10 million square kilometers
Ethiopia, a landlocked country in the Horn of Africa, rounds out the top 10 largest African countries. It is known for its rugged highlands, fertile valleys, and unique cultural heritage. Ethiopia is one of the world’s oldest nations, with a history dating back to ancient times. It is also the birthplace of coffee, which plays a significant role in its economy and culture. Despite challenges such as drought and political unrest, Ethiopia remains a key player in African affairs.
What is the Largest Country in Africa by Population?
Africa, the world’s second-largest and second-most-populous continent, is home to 54 diverse countries, each with its unique culture, geography, and population size. When it comes to determining the largest African country by population, Nigeria takes the crown. But what makes Nigeria stand out, and which other nations make up the top 10 largest African countries? Let’s dive into the details.
Nigeria: Largest African Nation by Population
Nigeria is not only the largest African country by population but also one of the most populous nations globally. With over 223 million people as of 2023, Nigeria accounts for nearly 17% of Africa’s total population. This West African nation is a cultural and economic powerhouse, known for its vibrant cities like Lagos, Abuja, and Kano, as well as its rich natural resources, particularly oil.
Nigeria’s population is growing rapidly, driven by a high birth rate and improving healthcare. By 2050, it is projected to become the third-most-populous country in the world, surpassing the United States. This growth presents both opportunities and challenges for the nation, including the need for infrastructure development, job creation, and sustainable resource management.
Top 10 Largest African Countries by Population
Nigeria comes in at the very top of the list, but of course, they aren’t the only country that matters in Africa’s population game. This list is for the top 10 largest African countries by population:
- Nigeria – 223 million
- Ethiopia – 126 million
- Egypt – 112 million
- Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) – 102 million
- Tanzania – 67 million
- South Africa – 60 million
- Kenya – 55 million
- Uganda – 49 million
- Sudan – 48 million
- Algeria – 46 million
The aforementioned list of countries reflects a diversity of regions, from North Africa (Egypt, Algeria) to Sub-Saharan Africa (DRC, Tanzania, Kenya). Each nation is subject to its own demographic trends that are unique to that nation. These demographic trends are influenced by factors such as fertility rates, urbanization, and migration.
Final Thoughts
Africa’s top 10 largest countries offer a unique blend of geography, culture, and history. The continent’s incredible diversity is showcased in their stunning natural wonders, intriguing histories, and economic significance.
Africa’s largest nations are sure to inspire.
This article was updated 4 weeks ago
